Overview

An eating disorders is not just about food. It is a psychiatric condition that can lead to life-threatening health problems. People with eating disorders use their control of food to deal with intense feelings. They often have a distorted body image, too.

Eating disorders include:

• Anorexia nervosa
• Bulimia
• Binge eating

An eating disorder may be rooted in behavioral, emotional, psychological, social and even genetic issues. People with a history of incest or child abuse are more likely to develop eating disorders, for instance.

According to the National Institute of Mental Health, teenage girls and young women account for 90 percent of those with eating disorders.

Medical issues
Eating disorders can lead to serious health issues and require hospitalization. These medical problems may include:

• Slow heart rate and disturbances in the heart's rhythm
• Dangerously low blood pressure
• Dangerously low body temperature
• Kidney failure
• Osteoporosis (brittle, weak bones)
• Slowed growth or development
• Problems with periods
• Infertility
• Anemia
• Acid reflux disorder
• Dental problems
• Constipation
• Dehydration

Substance abuse, depression and anxiety often co-occur in people with eating disorders as well.

Prognosis
Get help if you suspect you or your child has an eating disorder. The earlier it's treated, the better the chances for overcoming it.

Teens and young adults, who are still developing attitudes about themselves and food, are more likely to respond to therapy. For others, eating disorders can be a lifelong battle. Psychotherapy, nutritional counseling and medications such as antidepressants can help in many cases. Your doctor may also recommend an inpatient treatment program for eating disorders.

More on Eating Disorders

In the Encyclopedia:

This article was reviewed and updated June 2007.